一般现在时
v例1 He often _____ by bike.
A. goes to school B. goes to the school
C. go to school D. go to a school
z分析 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性或永久性的动作。
时间状语:every day (month, year), sometimes, always, often, usually, in the morning, at night.
主语是单数第三人称he(she, it, his brother)时,谓语动词词尾要加s(或-es或-ies),形成动词的单数第三人称形式。
He reads a lot.
以o,s,x,oh,sh结尾的动词后加上es.
go—goes do does
pass—passes guess—-guesses
cross—crosses mix—mixes
fix—fixes watch—watches
catch—catches search—searches
teach—teaches finish—finishes
push—pushes wish—wishes
wash—washes
以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词变y为i + es.
spy—spies fly—flies
try—tries study—studies
carry—-carries reply—replies
copy—copies worry—-worries
dry—dries hurry—hurries
cry—cries
特殊变化:
have—has
答案A
v例 2 He _____ watching TV at home.
A. likes B. is liking
C. like D. has liked
z分析 有一些动词只用一般现在时态:
love, hate, understand, know. believe, see, realize, forget, remember, want, think, hear.
We understand that they are right.
I believe that he will help us tomorrow.
答案A
v例 3 We ____ some salt water.
A. are needing B. are needed
C. need D. have needed
z分析 表示现在存在的状态的动词,如:own,appear,need,have(有),通常只用于一般现在时态。
答案C
v 例 4 These islands _______ China.
A. belong B. belong to
C. is belonging to D. is belonging
z分析 表示关系所属、特征、容积的动词,只用一般现在时态。
These apples taste sweet。
The room holds twenty people.
He is very busy.
答案B
v例 5 Light_______ faster than sound.
A. is travelling B. has travelled
C. travels D. will travel
z分析 表示不受时间限制的事实和真理时,应用一般现在时态。
The earth goes around the sun.
The sun rises in the east.
答案C
v 例6 My mother ________ an invitation from the U. S. the other day.
A. has received B. receives
C. received D. will receive
z分析 表示过去经常或偶然发生的动作或状态时,常用一般过去时态,常用于一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday(morning,evening,afternoon)
last night(week,summer,November)
on December 16,1948
a moment(an hour,a month)ago
动词的过去式是叙述过去事情的动词形式。
动词有四种形式:动词原形、过去式、现在分词和过去分词。
动词又分为规则动词和不规则动词。
规则动词:
|
构成法 |
例词 |
|
动词原形 |
过去式 |
过去分词 |
|
一般词尾+ ed |
work
help |
worked
helped |
worked
helped |
|
以e结尾的动词+ d |
live
decide |
lived
decided |
lived
decided |
|
以辅音+y结尾的动词y变i + ed |
study
cry
hurry |
studied
cried
hurried |
studied
cried
hurried |
|
以元音字母+y
在词尾后+ed |
play |
played |
played |
|
以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的要双写此辅音字母+ed |
stop
prefer
drop
beg
fit |
stopped
preferred
dropped
begged
fitted |
stopped
preferred
dropped
begged
fitted |
不规则动词参考初二、三年级教材书后附表,一般过去时没有人称的变化。
答案C
现在进行时态
b例1 Listen!Who _______the front door?
A. is knocking B. knocks on
C. is knocking at D. knocked
@分析 现在进行时由is(am,are)+ doing构成,表示此时此刻或说话时正在进行的动作。该句中listen决定了应用现在进行时态,knock at中at不能省去。
现在分词不能独立做谓语,分词前必须有be动词。
现在分词的构成:
|
现在分词构成规则 |
例词 |
|
原形 |
现在分词 |
|
一般动词+ ing |
work
visit
study |
working
visiting
studying |
|
以e结尾的动词,去掉e+ ing |
come
live
leave |
coming
living
leaving |
|
以重读闭音节或r音节结尾的动词,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个辅音字母+ing |
stop
begin
swim
get
refer |
stopping
beginning
swimming
getting
referring |
|
以ie结尾的重读开音节动词改ie为y+ing |
die
tie |
dying
tying |
以辅音 + y结尾的动词,现在分词形式应在y后直接+ ing,字母y不变化:
cry crying, hurry hurrying
答案C
b 例 2 Look, Alice ______ outside.
A. are playing B. play
C. playing D. is playing
@分析 从句首look可以判断应用现在进行时态。
句中有look,listen,now,at the moment应用现在进行时态。
答案D
b例 3 We ______ an important meeting now.
A. have B. had
C. are having D. has
@分析 have表达不同含意,要用不同的时态。
have当“有”讲时,只用一般现在时态。
We have a lot of work to do.
He has a little brother.
have + 其他名词构成词组已失去“有”的意思时,可用于进行时态如:have sports,have lunch,have a lecture等。
They are having an English class now.
答案C
b 例4 These students ______ a new film for children in the hall now.
A. see B. seeing
C. are seeing D. saw
@分析 see当“看见”讲时是瞬间动词,无进行时态,但当“看”讲时可用于进行时态。这样用的动词还有hear。
We heard the bad news.(听到)
We are hearing an English lecture.(听)
答案C
b例 5. You _____ the important things.
A. do always forget
B. are always forgetting
C. always forgets
D. are forgeting
@分析 现在进行时态可用来代替一般现在时,表示说话人的某种感情,使句子更有强烈的感情色彩,句中应有forever或always,含有“总是、一向”的意思。
The old man is always getting up early.(表达赞赏的语气)
The boy is always making so much noise.(表示不满的情绪)
答案B
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