（2）名词性物主代词作主语：
May I use your pen? Yours works better.
我可以用一用你的钢笔吗？ 你的比我的好用。
Our room is on the first floor and theirs on the second.
我们的房间在二楼，他们的房间在三楼。
Ours is a big family. 我们时一个大家庭。
（3）名词性物主代词作宾语：
You may use my pen. I’ll use hers.
你可以用我的笔，我用她的好了。
I love my motherland as much as you love yours.
我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。
Ley’s clean their room first and ours later.
咱们先打扫他们的房间，然后再打扫我们的房间。
(4) 名词性物主代词作表语：
The life I have is yours. It's yours. It's yours. 我的生命属于你，属于你，属于你。
This is Tom’s cap, not yours. 这是汤姆的帽子，不是你的。
This umbrella is yours and that one is hers. 这把伞是你的，那把是她的。
(5) 名词性物主代词与of连用：
He is a close friend of ours. 他是我们的一位亲密朋友。
This is no fault of yours. 这不是你的错。
This stand of ours is beyond reproach. 我们的这个立场是无可非议的。
三、 反身代词
1、 见下表：
|
数 |
单数 |
复数 |
|
人称 |
第一人称 |
第二人称 |
第三人称 |
第一人称 |
第二人称 |
第三人称 |
|
人称代词 |
I |
you |
He/she/it |
we |
you |
they |
|
反身代词 |
myself |
yourself |
Himself/herself/itself |
ourselves |
yourselves |
themselves |
另外，one的反身代词为oneself
2、 反身代词的用法：
(1) 作宾语：
He teaches himself English at home.他在家自学英语。
He can buy himself a lot of nice things.他可以给自己买好多好东西。
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。
Take good care of yourself. 好好保重。
He thinks more of others than of himself. 他想到别人比想到自己更多一些。
(2) 作表语：
I'm not quite myself today. 我今天情绪不好。
He doesn't seem himself this morning. 今天上午他似乎不舒服。
That poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
I’ll be myself again in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。
(3) 作主语或宾语的同位语（作主语同位语时，放在主语后或句末）：
The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。
I went to the cinema myself. 我独自去了电影院。
You can go and ask him himself. 你可以去问他本人。
We had better ask the president himself about it. 最好问校长本人。
(4) 间或可以用作主语（代替人称代词）：
Both my sister and myself asked to go and work there. 我妹妹和我都要求到那里工作。
Charles and myself saw it. 查尔斯和我看见了这件事。
(5) 反身代词还可以与某些介词连用，组成固定搭配：
① by oneself：自己，一个人干
They made the machine all by themselves. 这机器完全是他们自己制造的。
This is a machine that works by itself. 这是一部自动化的机器。
② for oneself：替自己，为自己
She made no complaint for herself. 她没有替自己抱怨。
He has a right to decide for himself. 他有权自己决定。
③ in oneself：本身
This is not a bad idea in itself. 这主意本身并不错。
They were good men in themselves. 他们本身都是一些好人。
④ between ourselves：私下说的话
All this is between ourselves. 这些都不能告诉别人。
Between ourselves, he is a selfish man. 咱们私下说，他这个人很自私。
⑤ among themselves：……之间
They had a heated discussion among themselves. 他们之间进行了热烈的讨论。
They were always quarrelling among themselves. 他们老是相互争吵。
⑥ to oneself：供自己用
She had a room to herself. 她自己住一间房。
I want a little time to myself. 我想有一点自己支配的时间。
四、相互代词
1、相互代词只有each other和one another两个词组，由于表示相互关系，称为相互代词。例如：
It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.
显而易见，不同文化的人总是相互借鉴的。
We can help one another. 我们可以相互帮助
2、相互代词的用法：
(1) 作动词宾语：
People should love one another. 人们应当彼此相爱。
They were pleased with one another. 他们彼此都很喜欢。
We are all eager to learn from each other. 他们都急切的向彼此学习。
说明：一般认为，相互关系存在于两个人或物之间用each other， 存在于两个以上人和物之间用one another。现代英语中，两组词交替使用的实例也很多。例如：
He put all the books beside each other/one another. 他把所有书并列摆放起来。
Usually these small groups were independent of each other. 这些小团体通常是相互独立的。
(2) 相互代词可以加’s，表示所有关系，如：
We should point out each other’s shortcomings. 我们应当指出彼此的缺点。
The students borrowed each other's notes. 学生们互借笔记。
They have great concern for one another’s work. 他们很关心彼此的工作。
五、指示代词
表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”等意思的代词叫做指示代词。指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式
1、指示代词用法：
(1) 作主语：
This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。
This is what I want to emphasize. 这就是我想强调的。
This is a chair. 这是一把椅子。
That is Linda's book. 这是琳达的书。
Whose pens are those? 那些是谁的钢笔。
(2) 作宾语：
We should always keep this in mind. 我们应当经常记住这一点。
I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。
Have you read this? 你读过这个吗？
I like these but she likes those. 我喜欢这些，而她喜欢那些。
(3) 作表语：
My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。
Her plan is this. 她的计划是这样的。
His worries are those. 他的烦恼就是那些。
(4) 作定语：
You can't swim at this time of the year. 你不能在这个时候游泳。
I don't like that man. 我不喜欢那个人。
We must get to know these tricks of theirs. 我们必须懂得他们这一套鬼花招。
2、指示代词的用法区别
(1) this和these一般指在空间和时间上较近的事物，that和those一般指在空间和时间上较远的事物。
例：This is a map of China and that is a map of the world.
这是一张中国地图，那是一张世界地图。
Please come this way. We'll go in by that door. 请这边走，我们从那扇门进去。
In those year they led a hard life. 在那些岁月里，他们生活得很艰难
(2) this和these常指后面将要讲到的事物，有启下的作用，that和those常指前面已经讲到过的事物，起承上的作用。
例：I shall say this to you: he is an honest man. 我将对你说这一点：他是一个诚实的人。
He felt ill. That is why he didn't come. 他病了，那就是他没来的原因。
He broke the glass, and that cost him five dollars. 他打破了玻璃，那花费了他5美元。
(3) that和those有时可用来代替前面提到过的东西，以避免重复这个名词：
These machines are better than those we turned out last year. 这些机器比我们去年生产的好。
The oil output in 1988 was much higher than that of 1986. 1988年的石油产量比1986年高很多。
The history of China is as interesting as that of Russia. 中国的历史同俄国的历史一样有趣。
(4) 在电话中，this表示打电话者，that表示接电话的对方。
例：A: Hello! This is Bob (speaking).喂，我是鲍勃。
B: Who's that please? 请问是哪位？（美语用Who's it?或Who's this?）
3、such也是一个指示代词，在句子中可用作：
(1) 定语：
We have had such a busy day. 我们今天忙得真够呛。
I don’t like such weather. 我不喜欢这样的天气。
(2) 主语：
Such was my immediate impression. 这就是我当时的印象。
Such are the results. 结果就是如此。
(3) 表语：
His illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 他的病还不至于使人焦虑不安。
4、same也可以看作指示代词，在句中能作定语、主语、表语或宾语：
She said the same thing all over again. 她把同样的话又说了一遍。
The same may be said of his brother. 他弟弟也有这种情形。
Our views are the same. 我们的看法是相同的。
“Happy New year!” “The same to you!” “新年好！”“新年好！”
六、疑问代词
1、疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个：
指人：who, whom, whose
指物：what
既可指人又可指物：which
2、疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较：
疑问代词：Whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的？
What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的？
限定词： Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的？
What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国？
3、无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如：
Which girls do you like best?
你喜欢哪几个姑娘？
What girls do you like best?
你喜欢什么样的姑娘？
4、who通常作主语和表语，whom作宾语，例如：
Who is to take the chair? 谁做主席？
Who is speaking? 是哪一位（打电话）？
Who(m) did you meet on the street?
你在街上遇到了谁？（作动词宾语）
Who(m) are you taking the book to?
你要把这书带给谁？（作介词宾语，置句首）
To whom did you speak on the campus?
你在校园里和谁讲话了？（作介词宾语，置介词 后，不能用who取代。）
5、Whose, what, which这三个疑问代词可以用作：
(1) 主语：
What happened next? 后来怎么样了呢？
Whose is better? 谁的好一些？
Which is yours? 哪是你的？
(2) 表语：
What’s your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
Whose is it? 这是谁的？
They are so alike, you can’t tell which is which. 他们是那样相像，你都分不出谁是谁了。
(3) 宾语：
What do you mean? 你是什么意思？
Which do you prefer? 你愿意要哪一个？
Whose are you going to borrow? 你预备借谁的？
(4) 定语：
Which train will you take? 你搭哪一班火车？
What time shall we meet again? 我们什么时候再碰头？
Whose umbrella is this? 这是谁的雨伞？
6、疑问代词还可引导名词性从句，例如：
I can't make out what he is driving at.
我不知道他用意何在。
Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗？
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
你说的我大部分同意，但并不完全赞同。
七、关系代词：
关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等，可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等；另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词（通称为先行词）。
如： He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。八、连接代词：
连接代词主要有who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whosever,
whatever, which ever等。
连接代词一般指疑问, 但what, whatever除了指疑问之外, 也可指陈述。
Do you know who has won the Red Alert game? 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗？
I don't know whom you should depend on? 我不知道你该依靠谁。
This book will show you what the best CEO should know. 这本书会告诉你最好CEO的应该了解什么。
Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or a Motorola cell phone? 你决定好买诺基亚无线话机呢还是买摩托罗拉手机？
九、不定代词：
不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有all，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代词，如anybody， something，no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语， 但none和由some，any，no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语。如：
--- Do you have a car? --你有一辆小汽车吗？
--- Yes, I have one. --是的，我有一辆。
--- I don't know any of them. 他们，我一个也不认识。
强化练习题
1. She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that B
2. The teacher gave the books to all the students except _______who had already taken them.
A. ones B. some C. the ones D. the others C
3. Our manager allowed _______to take a holiday next week.
A. you and I B. yourself and me C.I and you D. you and me D
4. Although he 's wealthy，he spends___ on clothes.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few A
5. They were all tired, but _____ of them would stop to take a rest.
A. any B. some C. none D. neither C
6. I don’t know whether small oranges are sweeter than big ______.
A. those B. ones C. one D. that B
7. When they met, they stopped and said hello to_______.
A. each other B. each another C. the other each D .each one A
8. After everyone took_______ place, the meeting began.
A. his B. their C. there D. the A
9. －Why don’t we take a little break?
－Didn’t we just have _______?
A. it B. that C. one D. this C
10. If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay ___$15.
A. another B. other C. more D. each A
11. We should always keep ______ well-informed of the changing information.
A. us B. ours C. ourselves D. we C
12. Give the message to ______ is at the table.
A. whomever B. whosever C. whatever D. whoever D
13. I found _______impossible for _______to work out the maths problem.
A. it; him B. it; he C. that; him D. that; he A
14. Few pleasures can equal _____ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any C. that D. those C
15. I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them A
16. Mary learned Chinese for about two years, _______is, from 1993 to 1995.
A. this B. that C. it D. he B
17. She is doing her homework.I'll do_______.
A. such B. so C. the same D. the same as B
18. In some restaurants, food and service are worse than ______ used to be.
A. they B. it C. them D. that A
19. Everyone who comes to the party is given a wooden apple with _____ own names cut in it as a souvenir.
A. his B. her C. their D. our A
20. Children can usually dress ______ by the age of five.
A. him B. them C. himself D. themselves D
答案与解析（部分）
1. B 在非限定性定语从句中指代前面的整个句子，应用which。
2. C 3. D
4. A spend所指的是钱，不可数，只能用little或 a little. 本句为although引导的让步状语从句，由句意知后句为否定含义，因此应用little表示几乎不。
5. C 根据题干中的all和but来判断，只能选C。
6. B 7. A 8. A
9. C one代替上文提到的名词，表示同样的另一物品，在one之后无需加介词短语。
10. A another是不定代词，意为“另一个”，正合题意。
11. C 12. D 13. A
14. C 只能用that指代pleasures;句中的equal是动词。
15. A 空缺处只能填上形式宾语it。
16－20 BBAAD
网友评论：（只显示最新10条。评论内容只代表网友观点，与本站立场无关！）
